The PHP Data Objects<\/b> (PDO) extension defines a lightweight interface to access database servers in PHP. You can use the same functions to execute SQL queries for different databases (MySQL, MS SQL, Oracle, PostgreSQL, etc.). Since it provides a data-access abstraction layer, the database server can be switched easily without code-level changes. When it comes to database operations in PHP, PDO is the powerful option for connecting and working with the database server.<\/p>\n
In most cases, the MySQLi extension is used for database operations in PHP. If you want to use another database server except for MySQL, PDO is the best choice for database-specific operations. Mostly, connect, fetch, insert, update, and delete operations are executed in the database. In this tutorial, we will implement the simple PHP CRUD operation using PDO extension with MySQL<\/b>, which help you to learn PDO connection, PDO insert, PDO select, PDO update, PDO delete query management. Here we’ll provide the example script on view, add, edit, and delete functionality with PHP OOP using PDO MySQL. We’ll use an Object-oriented approach to building the example script and bootstrap table structure for styling the list, form fields, and links.<\/p>\n
In the example PHP CRUD with PDO<\/b> script, the following functionalities will be implemented.<\/p>\n Before getting started to create a CRUD application with PDO extension and MySQL<\/b>, take a look at the files structure.<\/p>\n To store the data a table is required in the database. The following SQL creates a The DB class handles all the database related operations (connect, insert, update, and delete). Specify the database host (\n
php_crud_with_pdo_mysql\/<\/span>\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 index.php\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 add.php\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 edit.php\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 action.php\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 DB.class.php\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 bootstrap\/<\/span>\r\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 bootstrap.min.css\r\n\u251c\u2500\u2500 css\/<\/span>\r\n\u2502 \u2514\u2500\u2500 style.css\r\n\u2514\u2500\u2500 images\/<\/span>\r\n<\/pre>\nCreate Database Table<\/h2>\n
users<\/code> table with some basic fields in the MySQL database.<\/p>\nCREATE<\/span> TABLE<\/span> `users`<\/span> (\r\n `id`<\/span> int<\/span>(11<\/span>) NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span> AUTO_INCREMENT,\r\n `name`<\/span> varchar<\/span>(50<\/span>) COLLATE<\/span> utf8_unicode_ci NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,\r\n `email`<\/span> varchar<\/span>(50<\/span>) COLLATE<\/span> utf8_unicode_ci NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,\r\n `phone`<\/span> varchar<\/span>(15<\/span>) COLLATE<\/span> utf8_unicode_ci NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,\r\n `created`<\/span> datetime NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,\r\n `modified`<\/span> datetime NOT<\/span> NULL<\/span>,\r\n PRIMARY KEY<\/span> (`id`<\/span>)\r\n) ENGINE<\/span>=InnoDB<\/span> DEFAULT<\/span> CHARSET<\/span>=utf8 COLLATE<\/span>=utf8_unicode_ci;<\/pre>\nDatabase Class (DB.class.php)<\/h2>\n
$dbHost<\/code>), username ($dbUsername<\/code>), password ($dbPassword<\/code>), and name ($dbName<\/code>) as per your MySQL database credentials.<\/p>\n\n
<?php
<\/span>\/*
* DB Class
* This class is used for database related (connect, insert, update, and delete) operations
* with PHP Data Objects (PDO)
* @author CodexWorld.com
* @url http:\/\/www.codexworld.com
* @license http:\/\/www.codexworld.com\/license
*\/
<\/span>class <\/span>DB<\/span>{
private <\/span>$dbHost <\/span>= <\/span>\"localhost\"<\/span>;
private <\/span>$dbUsername <\/span>= <\/span>\"root\"<\/span>;
private <\/span>$dbPassword <\/span>= <\/span>\"root\"<\/span>;
private <\/span>$dbName <\/span>= <\/span>\"codexworld\"<\/span>;
public function <\/span>__construct<\/span>(){
if(!isset(<\/span>$this<\/span>-><\/span>db<\/span>)){
<\/span>\/\/ Connect to the database
<\/span>try{
<\/span>$conn <\/span>= new <\/span>PDO<\/span>(<\/span>\"mysql:host=\"<\/span>.<\/span>$this<\/span>-><\/span>dbHost<\/span>.<\/span>\";dbname=\"<\/span>.<\/span>$this<\/span>-><\/span>dbName<\/span>, <\/span>$this<\/span>-><\/span>dbUsername<\/span>, <\/span>$this<\/span>-><\/span>dbPassword<\/span>);
<\/span>$conn <\/span>-> <\/span>setAttribute<\/span>(<\/span>PDO<\/span>::<\/span>ATTR_ERRMODE<\/span>, <\/span>PDO<\/span>::<\/span>ERRMODE_EXCEPTION<\/span>);
<\/span>$this<\/span>-><\/span>db <\/span>= <\/span>$conn<\/span>;
}catch(<\/span>PDOException $e<\/span>){
die(<\/span>\"Failed to connect with MySQL: \" <\/span>. <\/span>$e<\/span>-><\/span>getMessage<\/span>());
}
}
}
<\/span>\/*
* Returns rows from the database based on the conditions
* @param string name of the table
* @param array select, where, order_by, limit and return_type conditions
*\/
<\/span>public function <\/span>getRows<\/span>(<\/span>$table<\/span>,<\/span>$conditions <\/span>= array()){
<\/span>$sql <\/span>= <\/span>'SELECT '<\/span>;
<\/span>$sql <\/span>.= <\/span>array_key_exists<\/span>(<\/span>\"select\"<\/span>,<\/span>$conditions<\/span>)?<\/span>$conditions<\/span>[<\/span>'select'<\/span>]:<\/span>'*'<\/span>;
<\/span>$sql <\/span>.= <\/span>' FROM '<\/span>.<\/span>$table<\/span>;
if(<\/span>array_key_exists<\/span>(<\/span>\"where\"<\/span>,<\/span>$conditions<\/span>)){
<\/span>$sql <\/span>.= <\/span>' WHERE '<\/span>;
<\/span>$i <\/span>= <\/span>0<\/span>;
foreach(<\/span>$conditions<\/span>[<\/span>'where'<\/span>] as <\/span>$key <\/span>=> <\/span>$value<\/span>){
<\/span>$pre <\/span>= (<\/span>$i <\/span>> <\/span>0<\/span>)?<\/span>' AND '<\/span>:<\/span>''<\/span>;
<\/span>$sql <\/span>.= <\/span>$pre<\/span>.<\/span>$key<\/span>.<\/span>\" = '\"<\/span>.<\/span>$value<\/span>.<\/span>\"'\"<\/span>;
<\/span>$i<\/span>++;
}
}
if(<\/span>array_key_exists<\/span>(<\/span>\"order_by\"<\/span>,<\/span>$conditions<\/span>)){
<\/span>$sql <\/span>.= <\/span>' ORDER BY '<\/span>.<\/span>$conditions<\/span>[<\/span>'order_by'<\/span>];
}
if(<\/span>array_key_exists<\/span>(<\/span>\"start\"<\/span>,<\/span>$conditions<\/span>) && <\/span>array_key_exists<\/span>(<\/span>\"limit\"<\/span>,<\/span>$conditions<\/span>)){
<\/span>$sql <\/span>